9/20/2007

modernization =? "westernization"?

I can't help associating everything we talked about last hybridization and globalization class, "modernity, rationalism, post-modernity…" with Chinese history and society. :) So I got a lot confusions from comparing Chinese and western modernity, since I can't find the corresponding "original Chinese modernity", both the spiritual level and the material level, both the economical structure or the political environment, both the art or the science, etc.

Modernity looks like a notion about time, actually, I thought it's more about space and location. Because there's no oriental modernity. Or if there's something that could be seen as some sort of oriental modernity, then it must be the influenced modernity by western society. So that's why I think it actually should be called western modernity.

Before western society experienced the modernization, China and western society was extremely independent from each other, geographically, spiritually and culturally. Each had its own cultural background, different from each other. While modernism turned to the main stream in western world, China was still running in a huge feudal system, no science in 19th and earlier 20th century and no rationalism has been raised. The philosophical root was Taoism, Confucianism, which gave birth to the socioeconomical structure in China: ethics and morality were stronger than rules to keep society organized, relationship was stronger than laws also, and how to solve problems was flexible, according to the time, the person, and the place. This environment itself was well cycled, generation after generation, until something from western world came into China to trigger the change.

That was modernism, from the industrialized mass production, to literature, paintings, society structure, to spiritual value system. So modernization in China was after the whole process in western world. That's why I think modernity is not a notion about time, but about space and location, it's the western's modernity, or at least, it's originated from the root in western system.

So after year 1949, more and more influence from western came into China and from then, the change started dramatically. E.g. in the economical system, around year 1978, the commercial market replacing the government planned market was an example to use the scientific and rational ways to organize the economic system . That was the modernity of China. The interesting thing is that was a mixture of both westernization and modernization.

Then post-modernity was even more interesting. Since China has no original modernity, which was the root for post-modernity. So in western society, when post-modernity tried to break the rules, the structures, the notions from the modernity period, pose-modernity grew up. I didn't see there was any reason post-modernity should grow from the modernity in China, since the modernity in China is not authentic. But a lot of features in post-modernity did happen in China, and some of them were actually part of the Chinese history and philosophy before the trend of post-modernity happened in the western. e.g. de-construction was part of the traditional philosophy, same thing like the naturalism and anti-mass production, the Marxism...

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